Simpliciter Et de Plano Ac Sine Strepitu Et Figura Iudicii

Ich habe Ihnen diesen seltsamen lateinischen Satz hier vollständig zitiert, damit Sie ihn wenigstens ordentlich googeln können als solchen 

 a fragment

Simpliciter Et de Plano Ac Sine Strepitu Et Figura Iudicii 

This sentence is quoted in full, so you can google it all along.

I’m no historian, and no man of law, especially not of canon law of olden ages. So I’ll tell you quickly and s.e.e.o. (»salvo errore et omissione», except for error and omission) a story. It might be true.

Here is another key word from AD (anno domini, in the year of the Lord) 1306 and later in the Middle Ages:

saepe si contingit or sæpe si contingit

Clemens V – Wikipedia

saepe is the name of one of the «Clementines» by pope Clement V (1264–1314 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Clement_V ) and later popes. Clement V moved to Avignon, you remeber?(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liber_Septimus#Constitutiones_Clementinae,_1314) 

Deutsch findet sich hier eine weitere Erklärung: http://hwb-eup2009.mpipriv.de/index.php/Einstweiliger_Rechtsschutz#2._Ursprung_und_Erscheinungsformen

Let’s look at how processes went, back in the 13th century,

The Enciclopedia jurídica explains: Es el origen, respecto del tipo de proceso, de la primacía del proceso de plena cognición (proceso ordinario).
   El proceso antiguo era unitario, pues solamente existía un solo tipo de proceso, para decidir todas las cuestiones litigiosas que se presentasen; sin embargo, el solemnis ordo iudiciorum privatorum tuvo que tolerar el nacimiento o la aparición de nuevos tipos de proceso, en los cuales se esbozaba la diferenciación de tramitación o de procedimiento, por el impulso de nuevas necesidades prácticas; pero es en el derecho Romano-Canónico donde se interpreta en toda de la vida comercial y política del momento, estructurando al lado del solemnis ordo iudiciorum, otro proceso más simplificado y ágil: el proceso sumario (o plenario rápido), que la Clementina «saepe si contingit», concreta en la frase: simpliciter et de plano ac sine strepitu et figura iudicii. El proceso ordinario o común continúa en su primado, pero en ciertos casos, sin que ello importe reducir el conocimiento pleno del juez, se reducen o simplifican sus complicadas tramitaciones, sin limitar por eso las pruebas o la defensa.
   Pero este proceso sumario es de excepción, y solamente podrá recurrirse a el cuando el legislador expresamente lo autorice, y refuerza este carácter una norma de remisión por la cual todo litigio que no tenga señalada una tramitación especial, se regirá por las normas del proceso de plena cognición. La extensión analógica de las normas reglamentarias de éste a otro tipos de proceso refuerza enormemente el primado del proceso de plena cognición, pero tiende a la cristalización formalistica de los procesos sumarios; por otra parte, impide la agilitación de litigios de relativamente sencilla resolución.
   La Clementina «saepe si contingit» da carácter legal a una situación que existía positivamente en la vida jurídica del siglo XIII. Chiovenda dice: «por su parte, el papa, al delegar en los jueces para la decisión de las causas particulares, desde hacia mucho tiempo solía dispensarles de esta o aquella formalidad del proceso ordinario... ». No es raro encontrar antecedentes anteriores al año 1306, fecha de la Clementina «saepe», Ver Gr., En el consulado del mar, como señala fairen Guillén, y en general en el proceso mercantil cambiario a través de los títulos constituidos.

Also have a look at the
   Reflexiones doctrinales en torno a las Clementinas Dispendiosam y Saepe contingit – el proceso sumario a la luz del utriusque iuris at https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=5845489

Summary procedure, resulting of extensive synergistic work carried out by the medieval legislators of both Laws, was an alternative process to the solemn, [was] more agile and faster. The Saepe Contingit constitution represents the paradigm that will reach its full scholarly maturation on the Bartolus de Sassoferrato’s study about the Constitution Ad Reprimendum. The article briefly explores the steps that lead to the appearance of the summary Rite on the medieval Ius Commune, highlighting the role of Canon law, and in particular the legislative interventions of Pope Clement V, in the making of this process, from the decretals Dispendiosam and Saepe Contingit up to the mentioned Bartolus’s study, as well as its reflection on the Italian statuti comunali

Story. Back in the late middle ages a catholic marriage was promised to be forever, like it is still today. As a result sometimes some of these marriages had to nullified, if a second marriage was on demand. We aren’t Muslims or Mormons. In many cases this demand was urgent: nine months were already too long. So court cases supposed to nullify the original marriage had to be sped up. Clement must have been a clever pope, pracital and common sense. In fact sæpe processes clarified trade disputes. They sped ap trade.
   The bilingual mercantile hub at Bolzano or Bozen boasted its USP: Disputes were cleared in three days, sometimes even by changing the original contracts, but always in good sense.

See the Mercantile Museum of Bolzano web site, auch in deutsch e italiano. They had “a special court founded in 1635 by the Archduchess of Austria Claudia de’ Medici. Its purpose was to resolve every commercial dispute that arose between the merchants during the four international trade fairs.” Normally in three days, even if the dispute continued at second level.
   And visit the museum, in case you come by! It’s in the very center of old town.
   The museum pointed me to the article of Professor Andrea Bonoldi (Università degli Studi di Trento) «La presta espedittione [sic!] delle liti. Il magistrato mercantile alle fiere di Bolzano (1635–1850). Tra giustizia e mediazione.»
   Here the English summary:

ABSTRACT
This paper examines some issues concerning how controversies between merchants had been solved in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Age. In particular it points out how commercial players always tried to foster [fördern] courts with technical expertise as well as to encourage the adoption of simple and rapid processes. On the basis of literature which faced this topic from the point of view of economic history and history of law, this paper presents some results of a research project concerning the activity of the Fair Court
in Bolzano – the Magistrato mercantile, or Merkantilmagistrat – which operated from 1633 up to 1850. Starting from the analysis of a broad data-base of trial cases, this paper offers some reflections on the activity of this institution and how it worked.#

The article is stored for public access and download at https://www.academia.edu/44749173/Andrea_Bonoldi_La_presta_espedittione_delle_liti_Il_magistrato_mercantile_alle_fiere_di_Bolzano_1635_1850_tra_giustizia_e_mediazione

and locally by me (Joern) as own document (Eigene Dokumente) at
F:\\FA\Andrea_Bonoldi_La_presta_espedittione_de.pdf

Practically I was told: »Theoretisch dauerten die Verfahren in der ersten Instanz einen Tag und in der zweiten Instanz höchstens zwei weitere Tage. Oft wurde der Streit innerhalb der 14 Tage der Messe beigelegt, in Ausnahmefällen wurde er auf die nächste Messe verschoben.«

I summarized: » … Merkantilmagistrats, eines Sondergerichts, das 1635 von der Erzherzogin von Österreich Claudia de' Medici für die Schlichtung von Streitfragen eingerichtet wurde, die während der überregionalen Jahrmärkte unter den Kaufleuten auftraten. Die Verfahren dauerten planmäßig nur einen Tag in der ersten Instanz, notfalls noch zwei weitere Tage in der zweiten. Jedenfalls wurde versucht, einen Streit noch während der laufenden vierzehntägigen Messe zu beenden. Nur selten musste eine Streitigkeit bei der nächsten Messe wieder aufgegriffen werden.«
   Theoretisch dauerten die Verfahren in der ersten Instanz einen Tag und in der zweiten Instanz höchstens zwei weitere Tage. Oft wurde der Streit innerhalb der 14 Tage der Messe beigelegt, in Ausnahmefällen wurde er auf die nächste Messe verschoben.

More

https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/YB5HG7LRTTX3AU7WRJT7NSKJTUCT4Y3L

https://books.google.de/books?id=0IasfxMzCIAC&pg=PA189&lpg=PA189&dq=Simpliciter+et+de+plano,+ac+sine+strepitu+et+figura+iudicii&source=bl&ots=7qL_ZWmvwx&sig=ACfU3U32ZaV8IydKjzEJrEaJWOeb8DX6Rw&hl=de&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwihofOCqoT0AhUa_rsIHRNBA1AQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=Simpliciter%20et%20de%20plano%2C%20ac%20sine%20strepitu%20et%20figura%20iudicii&f=false

http://www.enciclopedia-juridica.com/d/solemnis-ordo-iudiciorum-privatorum/solemnis-ordo-iudiciorum-privatorum.htm

https://diccionario.leyderecho.org/simpliciter-et-de-plano-ac-sine-strepitu-et-figura-iudicii/ 

In short. I think: Pope Clement had given a “Clementine” (today a fruit only), as divorces went too slow and the fatherless children came faster. The speedy process was later applied in civil rulings. Having people of the trade as judges sped up and made rulings realistic. Would be a good idea for today.
   To speed up criminal cases in Italy I think you can accept all charges and let the judge just set the punishment. But that’s another subject. Fritz Jörn

https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/YB5HG7LRTTX3AU7WRJT7NSKJTUCT4Y3L

 

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